Black widow spider or horned viper is more dangerous
Whether the animal is wild or domestic, it is respected. Many people kill them in dealing with wild animals and this is considered a great risk to preserve the environment, but there are ways to prevent the risk of wild animals attacking and killing them. For those who often go to the desert or hike in the forest and mountaineers and are generally inclined towards nature, encountering wild animals should not be a strange thing. But if you also want to be a nature hiker, you should read this file. Sometimes, no matter how much you prevent, wild and dangerous animals may attack you and cause injury to you or your companions. Therefore, after learning the ways to deal with wild animals, you should also know first aid after a wild animal attack. Animal bites According to the statistics in first aid books, approximately one out of every two people is bitten by an animal or another person. About 80% of bites are also done by dogs
Rabies is a common disease caused by a virus in the body of warm-blooded animals. This disease is transmitted from the saliva of one animal to another animal by biting or licking; But animals with the following characteristics are likely to have rabies
An animal that carries without an irritant
An animal that behaves strangely and is not one of its usual characteristics
The animal is a high-risk species. (weasel, raccoon or bat)
But what should be done if a person has rabies or is suspected of rabies
If the victim was bitten by a healthy domestic dog or cat, the animal should be closed and monitored for any disease for 10 days. In special cases, if necessary, a veterinarian will send the animal to the laboratory. If the animal was dead when you found it, move the whole body. Be careful not to contact with saliva
If the victim has been bitten by a mink, bat, fox or other mammal, you should treat it as a case of rabies and start treatment immediately.
Clean the wound with a soapy solution and flush it with high-pressure water
Stop the bleeding and take care of the wound
Seek medical care for further cleaning of the wound and possible injection of tetanus vaccine. spider bite
Most spiders are poisonous. A poison that can paralyze and kill the prey, but they do not have a strong system like jaws or a strong bite. It is very difficult to diagnose a spider bite, especially when one has not seen the spider itself, because the bite only causes a small, fleeting pain
Black widow spider bite
This spider has a round abdomen that varies in color from gray to brown and black depending on the species. In the female type, the abdomen is black and shiny with a red or yellow dot (like an hourglass) or white dots or stripes on it. Black widow spiders are found all over the world
Symptoms of black widow spider bites
arises, is given below
The victim may feel a needle go into the body when bitten
Two small bites may be seen like two tiny red dots
If the bite site is on the lower body, within 15 minutes to four hours, stiffness and cramp or muscle cramps occur in the abdomen, and if the bite site is on the upper body, this stiffness occurs in the shoulders, back, or chest
After that, headache, chills, fever, heavy sweating, dizziness, nausea and vomiting occur. The tarantula bite The tarantula will bite when you provoke or annoy it. Its bite can be painless or it can have a throbbing pain that lasts for an hour. When the tarantula is upset, it scratches its underbelly with its legs and rubs its hairs against the attacker’s skin. The hair causes itching and hives that sometimes remain for several weeks
But what should be done for a tarantula bite
Even if its body is crushed, if possible, grab and hold it for identification. Identification of the species helps with treatment, and the dead tarantula (if found) should be taken to the hospital with the injured
Clean the bite site with soap and water or rub with alcohol
Place an ice pack on the bite to relieve pain and delay the effect of the venom
Monitor the casualty for ABC (control of patency of airway, breathing and circulation). snake bite
There are two types of famous poisonous snakes in Iran. Common cobras and vipers. The common cobra is mostly gray-brown and may have a dash on the back of its tailbe bottom The length of this snake sometimes reaches two meters, and when it is provoked or scared, it raises its head from the ground and spreads its tail. The poison of this snake is very dangerous for nerve cells and causes respiratory paralysis and tissue destruction. The horned desert viper, the Sohani scale viper, and the tin or eastern viper are among the most common vipers in Iran. It is a pale yellow-brown horned snake that has two sharp spines (scales) on both eyes and lives in the desert and dry and grassy areas, this snake comes out at night to find food. It should be noted that most bites occur when they accidentally step on a snake. The venom of this type of snake is very dangerous for blood cells and causes serious damage to blood cells and tissues. The length of this snake is about 45 centimeters and a maximum of 75 centimeters. Horned viper venom only causes pain and swelling at the site of the bite. The venom of the Sohani scale viper also has cardiotoxicity, but it rarely kills and requires monovalan antidote, but the eastern viper causes pain, swelling, local necrosis, as well as hypovolemic shock, kidney failure and internal bleeding, and leads to death
Burning and very intense pain at the bite site, two small wound holes at a distance of one and two centimeters from each other, swelling, discoloration and blisters containing blood that appear within 6 to 10 hours, and in severe cases, nausea, vomiting, sweating and weakness are the symptoms of the bite. Is. About 25% of the cases of poisonous bites have no venom due to the emptyness of the snake’s venom, only the place of the snake’s teeth remains, which is called a dry bite
The following measures should be taken against snakebite
Keep the injured person and his companion away from the snake. Snakes bite more than once. A snake jumps half its body length. If you are around a snake with a severed head, be careful; Because the reaction sometimes lasts up to 20 minutes or even more
Keep the victim quiet. If possible, lift the casualty to help transfer him or let him walk very slowly
Wash the bite area very slowly with soap and water
If you are more than an hour away from a treatment center that has antivenom, or if the snake is very large and the victim’s skin is swelling quickly, use a suction very quickly. No need to cut the skin
Transfer the injured person to the medical center immediately
For a cobra or snake bite, you must inject special serum or Manuvalan without delay. A fascinating subject of human bites! It may be strange to you that being bitten by humans is more dangerous than other animals; Because humans eat everything and the human mouth contains a wide range of microbes
For human gassing, the following measures should be taken
If the wound is not bleeding profusely, wash it with soap and water (from a high-pressure hose) for 5 to 10 minutes. Do not rub it as it will crush the tissues
Rinse the wound well with running and high-pressure water
Stop the bleeding with direct pressure
Cover the wound with a sterile dressing. Do not close the wound with adhesive tape or butterfly bandage; Because bacteria are trapped in the wound and the possibility of infection increases
See a doctor for further cleaning of the wound, tetanus vaccine, stitches and wound closure. Scorpion
The scorpion looks like a miniature crab because of its claws, but it
has a long tail that swings upwards and has a venomous sting. The most dangerous scorpion in Iran is Guardium Khuzestan, but its yellow types, which have a narrow body and a long tail, can be seen in hot areas of Iran such as Kerman, Kashan and Yazd. Those who work at night are more exposed to scorpion stings, because scorpions rest during the day and hunt at night. The most common symptom of scorpion sting, especially in adults, is local and immediate pain and burning around the bite site. Numbness and tingling occurs later, and gradually tears, runny nose, sweating, and nausea develop. The venom of the yellow scorpion is cytotoxic and causes severe ulceration and inflammation resembling a third-degree burn, causing necrosis and blistering that does not heal easily. In the later stages, this poison may cause failure of all mental problems and death. Scorpion Guardium also does not cause burning and inflammatory reaction, and clinical symptoms are observed after one night with fever and hemoglobinuria (red color change of urine)
But what should be done for a scorpion bite
Observe the casualty according to ABC
Gently clean the bite site with soap and water or rubbing alcohol
Put an ice pack on the bite.Seek medical attention. Young children are the first choice to receive antidote
